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Jobs, Wages & Economic Security

Wages have lagged prices for years and gig work now employs tens of millions with no safety net — should Washington raise the wage floor, rewrite who counts as an employee, or get out of the way?

Each issue breaks into the specific questions Congress actually fights over. Read each position, then head to the interactive version of this issue to mark which reflects your view and build a message to your representatives.

Component 1 of 5
Minimum wage

Worker Protections

The federal minimum wage has been frozen at $7.25 since 2009 — the longest stretch without an increase in the law's history — while rent, groceries, and health care have kept climbing. The Living Wage for All Act's phased path to $25 an hour, indexed afterward to two-thirds of the national median wage, is what it actually takes to let a full-time worker live on what they earn.

Targeted Reform

There's a real gap between $7.25 (plainly too low almost everywhere) and $25 (a five-fold jump with uncertain effects on small-business hiring). The competing bills in this Congress cluster in the $12-to-$17 range over five or six years, with automatic adjustment afterward — a range that keeps pace with inflation without guessing at what the labor market can absorb.

Market Flexibility

A federally mandated wage floor can't account for the enormous cost-of-living differences between rural Mississippi and San Francisco, and history shows large, fast increases cost the lowest-skilled workers their first rung on the ladder. Wage growth is better left to a tight labor market, state and local law, and targeted tools like the Earned Income Tax Credit.

Documented compromise zone
Every current bill — from the $17 Raise the Wage Act to the $25 Living Wage for All Act — phases in over five to thirteen years and then indexes future increases to median wage growth rather than leaving the number frozen indefinitely, the same design flaw both sides agree caused the current $7.25 floor.
Raise the Wage Act of 2025, H.R. 2743 / S. 1332 (119th Congress); Living Wage for All Act, H.R. 8555 (119th Congress); Give America a Raise Act, H.R. 7471 (119th Congress)
Component 2 of 5
Worker classification & the gig economy

Worker Protections

The Department of Labor's February 2026 proposal to loosen independent-contractor rules would let app-based platforms like Uber and DoorDash keep classifying millions of drivers as contractors with no minimum wage, overtime, or unemployment insurance — reversing a 2024 rule written to catch workers who are economically dependent on one company in all but name.

Targeted Reform

Four different classification tests in four presidential administrations is not a stable rule for either workers or the businesses that hire them. A bright-line federal standard — regardless of exactly where the line falls — would end the pattern of each new administration rewriting the test and each rewrite ending up in court.

Market Flexibility

The 2024 rule's multi-factor 'economic reality' test gave no single factor priority, effectively daring businesses to guess wrong and get sued. Restoring a standard centered on the worker's actual control over their schedule and profit opportunity protects the flexibility that most gig workers say is the reason they choose the work in the first place.

Documented compromise zone
Congress has not passed a federal statute settling the question either way — the fight has instead played out entirely through Department of Labor rulemaking that flips with each administration, which is exactly why bills like the 21st Century Worker Act (a permanent bright-line test) exist, even though none has advanced.
DOL Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (Feb. 26, 2026), rescinding the 2024 independent contractor rule; 21st Century Worker Act, S. 2159 (119th Congress)
Component 3 of 5
Paid family & medical leave

Worker Protections

Only about a quarter of U.S. workers have access to paid family leave through their employer, and the federal government still guarantees none. The 45S tax credit only reaches workers whose employer already chooses to offer leave — it does nothing for the large share of the private-sector workforce whose employer doesn't.

Targeted Reform

Making the employer tax credit for paid leave permanent — which Congress did in 2025 — is real progress, but it's a voluntary incentive, not a guarantee. Expanding eligibility to workers with as little as six months' tenure and part-time employees, as the most recent bipartisan bill does, extends the benefit without mandating a new employer cost.

Market Flexibility

A federal paid-leave mandate would impose a new, one-size-fits-all cost on every employer regardless of size or industry. The tax-credit model — voluntary, funded through the tax code, and now made permanent — lets employers who can afford to offer leave do so competitively, without penalizing small businesses that can't.

Documented compromise zone
The Working Families Tax Cuts Act made the Section 45S employer tax credit for paid family and medical leave permanent starting in 2026, and expanded it to cover part-time workers and employees with as little as six months' tenure — a bipartisan-authored expansion of a voluntary incentive rather than a new mandate.
Working Families Tax Cuts Act, P.L. 119-21 (2025), Sec. 45S employer credit provisions; Paid Family and Medical Leave Tax Credit Extension and Enhancement Act, S. 400 (119th Congress)
Component 4 of 5
Union organizing & first contracts

Worker Protections

Union membership has fallen to a record-low 9.9% of the workforce, and even when workers do vote to unionize, employers can drag out first-contract negotiations for years — Buffalo Starbucks baristas and Staten Island Amazon warehouse workers who unionized in 2021 and 2022 still don't have contracts. The PRO Act's full rewrite of federal labor law, including a fast track to a first contract, is overdue.

Targeted Reform

The single most concrete, popular piece of the PRO Act — a fixed timeline of mediation then arbitration to force a first contract once workers vote to unionize — passed the House with Republican votes in mid-2026 on its own, without the PRO Act's more contested provisions like overriding state right-to-work laws.

Market Flexibility

Forcing federal arbitrators to write private contract terms when parties can't agree substitutes government judgment for good-faith negotiation, and overriding right-to-work laws in 27 states — as the full PRO Act would — takes away individual workers' choice not to pay union dues even where their state has decided they shouldn't have to.

Documented compromise zone
The Faster Labor Contracts Act — which isolates the PRO Act's first-contract arbitration mechanism from its more contested provisions like overriding state right-to-work laws — passed the House 230-193 with 20 Republican votes via a discharge petition, a rare bipartisan breakthrough on a single, narrower piece of union-organizing reform.
Faster Labor Contracts Act, H.R. 3506 (119th Congress), passed House June 2026; Richard L. Trumka PRO Act, H.R. 20 (119th Congress)
Component 5 of 5
Overtime pay thresholds

Worker Protections

In May 2026, the Department of Labor quietly rolled the federal overtime salary threshold back to $684 a week — about $35,600 a year — undoing a 2024 rule that would have raised it toward $58,656. That leaves millions of salaried workers earning as little as $35,600 a year classified as 'exempt' from overtime pay entirely.

Targeted Reform

The 2024 rule's automatic three-year update mechanism was itself a reasonable fix to a threshold that had gone years without adjustment; reverting to $684 without replacing it with any indexing mechanism just restarts the same problem. A periodically updated threshold, whatever its starting level, serves both workers and employers better than one fixed for a decade at a time.

Market Flexibility

The 2024 rule's sharp, two-step increase to over $58,000 would have forced many employers — especially in lower-cost regions and nonprofits — to either raise salaries well above local market rates or reclassify long-tenured salaried employees as hourly. Returning to the pre-2024 standard restores the level courts had already left in place after blocking the 2024 rule.

Documented compromise zone
A federal judge blocked the 2024 rule's higher thresholds in November 2024 before they fully took effect, and the Department's May 2026 technical amendment formally reverted to the pre-2024 $684/week level rather than setting a new number — leaving the underlying disagreement over where the threshold should sit unresolved rather than compromised.
DOL technical amendment restoring 29 C.F.R. Part 541 thresholds (May 14, 2026); Texas v. DOL, No. 4:24-cv-499 (E.D. Tex. Nov. 15, 2024), vacating the 2024 rule's increases
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